Africa is impressive from climate to nature – the second largest continent on Earth and at the same time the hottest. It stretches from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to Cape Agulhas in the south, covering more than 30 million square kilometers. Its unique geographical location, diverse climatic conditions, rich fauna and flora make this continent special.
Climate and temperature
Africa is crossed by the equator, which explains its hot climate. It is home to the hottest desert in the world, the Sahara, where daytime temperatures can exceed +50°C. In addition, Africa is home to the city of Dallol (Ethiopia). Which is considered one of the hottest settlements on the planet. The average annual temperature here is about +35°C.
The continent is divided into several climatic zones: equatorial, tropical, subtropical, and desert. Tropical areas experience periodic monsoon rains, while deserts experience an arid climate.
Relief and natural resources
Africa is striking in its diversity of landscapes. In addition to the Sahara, there are savannas, tropical forests, mountain ranges and lakes. The highest point of the continent is Kilimanjaro (5895 m), the snow-capped peak of which contrasts with the generally hot climate.
Africa is rich in natural resources. It has large reserves of oil, gold, diamonds, and rare metals. The continent is also known for its bodies of water, such as the Nile River, the longest in the world, and Lake Victoria, the largest in Africa.
Flora and fauna
Africa is famous for its unique wildlife. It is home to elephants, lions, rhinos, hippos, cheetahs and many other species. National parks such as the Serengeti and Kruger are home to wildlife and attract tourists from all over the world.
Vegetation also varies depending on the climate. Thorny shrubs and cacti grow in deserts, baobabs and acacias in savannas. Dense jungles with a variety of plant species in equatorial forests.
Population and culture
Africa is a continent with over 1.4 billion people, representing hundreds of ethnic groups and speaking over 2,000 languages. The most populous countries are Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
African culture is rich in traditions, music and art. Dances, rituals, tribal ceremonies and folk crafts are an integral part of the lives of local peoples. In addition, African cuisine is striking in its diversity. Dishes made from corn, cassava, meat and spices are popular.
Interesting facts about Africa
- It is in Africa that the cradle of humanity is located – according to archaeologists, the oldest remains of human ancestors were found here.
- There are 54 internationally recognized states in Africa.
- It is the only continent crossed by the equator, the prime meridian. The tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.
- In some desert areas, it may not rain for decades!
Africa is not only the hottest continent. But also one of the most mysterious and diverse. Its natural resources, unique culture and incredible landscapes make Africa a unique place on the planet. Despite economic and environmental challenges, this continent continues to fascinate researchers, travelers and everyone interested in its history and nature.
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